A "Closed Encounter" with polar wildlife is something common when one is aware and well-disposed.
Article Summary: Sailing the Drake's passage, the most tempestuous waters of the planet in route to the Antarctic Continent, is the best prologue to the harsh environment we will find once we pass through the Antarctic Polar Front to approach the Antarctic Peninsula.
Encounters with the Antarctic wildlife are always unique moments, where with just a little patience and a bit of empathy, we can experience a true "Close encounter", with no need to approach or disturb the individual itself.
While sailing these waters, we can encounter big whales, such as blue or fin whales, even orcas (as a biologist and a Fan, I resist to call them “killer whales”) and amazing albatrosses and petrels, all of them which don't seem to mind at all the 30 feet waves and 40 knots winds we sometimes find while crossing the Passage.
As my eyes witness this amazing landscape again and again (as an antarctic guide, I visit often) I internally agree with Werner Herzog's words: “I see nothing but the overwhelming indifference of nature...”, in that moment in which I can fully face the fact that we are not made for this environment, we are just visitors, outsiders. However, these thoughts sometimes melt away a bit, like that foggy morning when we visited Gourdin Island, and witnessed a special encounter between a man and a seal cub.
Gourdin is a small rocky island located at the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. Because of such location, it is exposed to the Southern Ocean temper: storms, waves, fog and sea ice. It is a great spot for wildlife watching, as it is inhabited by three species of breeding penguins (chinstrap, gentoo and Adelie), giant petrels and brown skuas. But that cold December morning, my attention was focused on a young Weddell seal patrolling the shore. It didn't seem at all disturbed by our presence and saw us arrive, go ashore, go back to the ship to pick up passengers, watching the whole zodiac landing operation between the foam of the waves. Curious, but still at a safe distance. Weddell seal females give birth from September to November and usually have one pup a year (although it is the only seal species with twin births recorded). They rarely come ashore -they mate, eat and even sleep in the water- and unlike other seals during antarctic breeding season, females choose to give birth on fast or pack ice, after 14 months of pregnancy. Newborns weigh about 25 to 30 kg and grow up to twice their size within their first week of life. During these few days after birth, they are already encouraged into the water by their mothers. Mother and calf stay closely together for approximately 1 month, after which mom returns to the ocean until next summer and the pup is weaned, left to experience the world and hunt independently. But one detail that makes Weddell seals very special, and made that December morning at Gourdin Island one to remember, is that they are very vocal. They perform loud vocalizations that can be heard from atop the ice during mating season, and mothers call their cubs from far distances when smell is not efficient. Special vocalizations or “songs” are particularly important in mother-calf interactions during that month that they stay together.
So, still with no teeth, but enough fat to survive until it can hunt (milk and fish have not been found together in the stomachs of baby seals), big black kitten-looking eyes and only one known way to connect with the world through sound, there is this cub. With its head sticking out of the water to stare at my Expedition Leader, who is standing on a rock on the shore as a beacon to the zodiac drivers trying to find a safe site for picking up passengers to go back to the ship. And there I am at my post, staring at both: the cub seal making vocalizations at him, and him looking at it, with his hands behind his back. He (the human) replied something. The seal cub replied back. Me, trying not to laugh to break the mood and prevent any of them from distraction, started thinking that that indifference of nature that is magnificently revealed to me in this environment, pulls its veil for a moment in this scene. Where I can see a “kid” that has been left alone a couple of months ago, connecting for a moment with something that calls its attention, in a timid and at the same time blaring attempt to find some company. In the distance, the zodiac driver spots the scene too, and turns the engine to neutral so as not to disturb the encounter. Respectfully, the seal in the water and the man standing ashore at 4-5 meters away, maintain a conversation that slowly fades when the cub loses its interest and peacefully starts swimming away. He stopped and looked back a couple of times, maybe thinking “this was not my mom”; maybe thinking “what a strange creature standing ashore”; or just maybe thinking…
Antarctica is a place where wildlife is not -yet- afraid of human presence. They don't run away when they see us (unless we do something to scare them, of course).
This therefore represents an enormous responsibility on our part, to always respect distances and observe that these encounters are always met under the rules of those who are not visitors or outsiders, but who have lived here since the earliest times.
About the Author
Luciana was born in Rosario, Argentina, and got her degree in Biological Sciences at the University of Buenos Aires.
Before getting her PhD on biodiversity of aquatic insects of mountain lakes in Patagonia, she worked for 3 years for the Program of Environmental Management and Tourism of the Argentinean Antarctic Direction, as a scientific assistant and environmental officer in antarctic scientific stations.
Currently, she lives in Bariloche (Patagonia) researching cross-ecosystem effects of non-native species on wetland communities. Every once in a while, pauses research for a bit to go diving, and to be an environmental interpreter in naturalism trips to Africa and Antarctica.
Luciana is our resident Biologist and Outreach Manager at The Polar Travel Company
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