Avian Influenza (H5N1) in the Arctic: What you need to know for your next expedition

We want to share the current situation regarding H5N1 in the polar regions and detail how international guidelines protect the ecosystems we visit.

Far from disappearing, the H5N1 virus is demonstrating great resilience in polar climates. In the Arctic, it has already been detected in more than thirty bird species, as well as terrestrial and marine mammals, including walruses, Arctic foxes, and polar bears. Crossing the map, the picture is similar: in Antarctica, the virus is spreading among colonies of Southern elephant seals and Antarctic fur seals.

Despite this situation in wildlife, the risk to humans remains low. There is no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission. Infection in people occurs exceptionally through direct contact with infected animals or contaminated environments.

The Association of Arctic Expedition Cruise Operators (AECO) has developed detailed guides to inform about the status of this virus and establish strict measures to reduce its spread.

Here are some of AECO's biosecurity guidelines:

-Prior and thorough cleaning: At the start of the voyage, and every time the ship moves between distinct geographical regions, you must ensure that your outer clothing, backpacks, and all your equipment are perfectly clean and free of organic waste.

-Mandatory footwear disinfection: Upon returning from each landing, boots must be cleaned thoroughly at washing stations equipped with specific disinfectants. This prevents transferring pathogens from one site to another.

-Avoiding wet areas: In bird nesting areas, contact with freshwater ponds or muddy zones must be minimized as much as possible, as these are usually hubs for virus concentration.

-Do not touch a dead animal under any circumstances.

If you find a dead animal, the correct procedure you must follow is:
-Maintain your distance.
-Take a photograph of the animal and the surroundings (if possible).
-Record the exact geographical location (as exact as possible).
-Immediately notify the guiding and expedition team on board, who will be responsible for formally reporting it to the local authorities in the region.

Travelling to the polar regions is a unique privilege. Understanding and respecting these regulations is fundamental so that our visit does not generate a negative impact on these ecosystems, allowing us to be responsible witnesses to the majesty of the ends of the Earth.